Continuous Variation Chemistry

Continuous Variation ChemistryContinuous variation is an important part of the chemical processes involved in the study of many complex biological systems. This is because it allows researchers to learn more about how these systems form and change over time, which can help them develop more effective methods for preventing and treating disease.Continuous variation in this context refers to the variety of chemical reactions that take place within a cell or organism at any given point in time. It involves large populations of cells in one structure with relatively few changes in their environment. These systems are affected by events that result in changes in concentrations of many chemical elements.Continuous variation can be classified into two broad categories: point reactions and diffusion. The former involves changes in concentrations of a particular compound, while the latter involves changes in concentrations of many chemicals at the same time. The researchers who study these sy stems therefore need to identify the differences between the two and focus on the differences in the type of reaction that occurs. They may then attempt to test the effects of different combinations of these chemical compounds.Cell organisms are also well known for their random nature. In terms of continuous variation in biology, randomness can be described as the ability of cells to adapt to different conditions in response to changes in concentration and chemistry. These processes can affect the cellular structure and function and the evolution of the system.Continuous variation can be described as the major force that drives biological processes and evolution and is responsible for the highly complex activities that we see in nature. The changes that occur are highly sensitive to external factors, such as temperature, pH, chemistry, and ionic balance.Changes in cells can occur over short distances and can be quite rapid. For example, proteins may be quickly broken down as a resul t of fluctuations in pH and chemical concentration in the cells. Others may be very slow to adapt to changing conditions, such as a process of spontaneous generation.Genetics also play an important role in the complex behaviors of cells. In fact, continuous variation in the composition of cells has been studied using genetic algorithms.Continuous variation in chemistry is important in many areas of science. It can affect biological processes, cell structures, and the evolution of species. As a result, continuous variation in biology is a topic that is continuously under investigation.

13 Killer Language Podcasts That Teach You How to Learn a Language

13 Killer Language Podcasts That Teach You How to Learn a Language 13 Killer Language Podcasts That Teach You How to Learn a Language You know the classic Apple slogan, Theres an app for that?These days, it seems like theres a podcast for that.Want to know more about your favorite celebrity? Just subscribe to Armchair Expert by Dax Shepard.Looking for true crime stories? Give  Dr. Death or Serial  a listen.Trying to keep up with the news? Check out  The Daily  by The New York Times.Are you trying to learn more about languages? Well, theres a plethora of language podcast options out there.What do you want to know about languages? Maybe youre trying to become fluent in a foreign tongue. Perhaps you want to figure out how your brain learns a language. Or you might want to hear how other polyglots  have accomplished their language-learning goals.Whatever youre looking for, theres a language podcast for that. Types of Language PodcastsLanguage Podcasts That Teach You a LanguageThese podcasts are designed with language learners in mind. The podcast series on this list have separate channels for each language they teach , ranging from French and Spanish to Filipino and Thai.Language-learning podcasts make for excellent listening material. Youll hear native speakers talk so you can grow accustomed to their accents and dialects. But many podcasts aimed at learners provide supplementary learning resources, too, such as videos, transcripts or digital flashcards.Depending on your study schedule, language podcasts can make for great primary learning materials or secondary materials to add a little flair to your routine.Language Podcasts That Teach You About LanguagesThese language podcasts have multiple purposes. Many teach us about how the brain learns languages or about how languages work. Others cover study methods for learning any language, rather than one language in particular.Some of these podcasts have a more specific focus. For example, later in this post, youll read about Bilingual Avenue, a podcast for parents trying to raise their kids bilingual.Language podcasts about foreign languages appea l to a wide variety of language lovers. If youre looking for study tips or want to learn about how to learn languages, how different languages are structured or the culture behind the language youre studying, youll get a kick out of these podcasts.13 Killer Language Podcasts That Teach You How to Learn a LanguageLanguage Podcasts That Teach You a LanguageCoffee Break LanguagesCoffee Break Languages is a series of podcasts by Radio Lingua. You can use the podcast to learn Chinese, French, German, Italian or Spanish.Depending on which language you choose, Coffee Break Languages has podcasts for up to four levels of learners. For example, French students can listen to podcasts targeting beginning to advanced learners, while Chinese learners only have access to beginner material for now.Podcasts are held in English, with example vocabulary and dialogue in your target language. This style could prove especially useful for lower-level learners who dont feel quite ready to immerse themselv es in an hour-long podcast in their target language.Episodes are relatively short at under 30 minutes. Youll hear explanations of grammar concepts in episodes such as  Whats the Difference Between Mieux and Meilleur?  and learn necessary vocabulary in episodes like  A Visit to the Pharmacy in Chinese.If you do a little sniffing around, youll see that Coffee Break Languages offers a ton of fun podcast episodes that are outside of the box. For instance, Italian students can listen to episodes of the channels original soap opera, La Mia Estate (My Summer). And who doesnt love a little drama with their language learning?You can listen to podcasts on Radio Linguas website for free. If you pay to upgrade to Premium, youll access supplemental learning materials like video lessons, bonus audio clips and lesson notes.FluentUYou may have heard about FluentUs videos: FluentU takes real-world videos, like news interviews, movie trailers and music videos, and turns them into language-learning le ssons.But did you know that FluentU also offers numerous bite-sized audio clips for learners?Yep! Under Browse, click on Audio to discover recorded dialogue by native speakers. Each page includes a transcript of the dialogue, and you can even download a PDF of the transcript if you want to study vocabulary while youre away from your computer or phone, or just have no internet connection.After listening to the audio, click on Quiz for interactive exercises to ensure you can understand, read and type the vocabulary from the audio clip.FluentU provides audio for six levels across nine languages. One account grants you access to all nine languages, so its an especially useful program for anyone studying more than one language.If you decide you like listening to FluentUs dialogues, venture over to other parts of the website. Youll find videos with annotated subtitles, digital flashcards, playlists and more. Access the full video and audio library for free with a FluentU trial and learn o n your web browser, iOS device or Android device.LanguagePod101LanguagePod101 is a series of podcasts by Innovative Language. The company offers podcasts for 34 languages, including SwahiliPod101, HungarianPod101, FinnishPod101 and ArabicPod101.Each language program has hundreds of episodes, and popular languages like French, German and Chinese include well over 1,000.Innovative Language features nine levels for language learners, so its a strong option regardless of where you are on your language-learning journey.Podcast episodes feature dialogue between the hosts, so youll be able to listen to different people speak the language. Podcasts also come with supplemental learning material, such as vocabulary learning tools, spaced repetition flashcards, lesson notes and lesson discussions.These resources break down the dialogue in the podcast and make sure you fully understand each line. LanguagePod101 turns podcasts into complete, thorough language lessons. Its great to use as a prima ry language-learning resource.SBS RadioAre you looking for podcasts that are entirely in your target language? Then check out SBS Radio! The online radio offers news podcasts in your target language, making it perfect for upper-intermediate and advanced students.SBS Radio is an Australian company, so even if youre listening in, say, German or Japanese, many of the episodes address Australian events and issues. (That makes this podcast especially interesting for Australian language learners!) There are occasional episodes about news pertaining to the culture of the target language, as well.This podcast is great for boosting your listening skills. Many episodes feature interviews, so youll be able to hear people with various accents speak at different speeds.SBS Radio offers podcasts in 68 languages, including more obscure options like Amharic, Macedonian, Persian, Estonian and Urdu.Lets say youre studying German with SBS Radio. Youll listen to episodes such as Swiss Study Says Global Warming Is Our Fault,  Australia: Could You Live on $40 a Day?,  and Lantern Parade in Brisbane.  The website usually posts at least one new, super-short episode per day, so its easy to fit an episode into your daily study routine.Duolingo PodcastsWhat? Duolingo has a podcast!?I know, that was my reaction, too.Currently, Duolingo only offers language podcasts for French and Spanish learners. But what theyve put together for these languages is pretty impressive.Each episode tells the story of a noteworthy person from a Francophone or Hispanophone country. Youll learn about an inventor in Guatemala, a  teacher in Colombia, a  famous baker in Paris and a  surfer in  La Réunion who survived a shark attack.Lets say youre listening to an episode on the Spanish podcast. Two people will tell the story, one English speaker and one Spanish speaker. Theyll take turns telling sections of the storyâ€"you may hear a couple of sentences in English, then the next couple of sentences in Spanish. T heres a transcript at the bottom of each page so you can follow along.Duolingos language podcast is probably best-suited for upper-beginner or lower-intermediate students. Episodes are relatively short, usually between 20 and 30 minutes. Youll receive plenty of guidance in English, which will give you context for the upcoming sentences in your target language.News in SlowLearning a language by listening to the news is invaluable. Youll hear native accents, learn about the culture and keep up with current events.The News in Slow podcast seeks to make learning with the news even more useful. Youll hear the news presented slowly enough for language learners to understand. Each episode lasts a few minutes and includes flashcards, quizzes, guides for pronunciation and grammar and more.You can access podcasts for five languages: Spanish (Spain), Spanish (Latin America), French, Italian and German. Depending on which language you choose, youll be able to access episodes targeted toward dif ferent learning levels.Wondering what type of news youll be listening to? Check out a  French clip about Jared Kushner  or a  Spanish episode about insects  to get a sense.Language Podcasts That Teach You About LanguagesThe Fluent ShowThis podcast teaches listeners how to become fluent in a language. Its hosted by Kerstin Cable along with Lindsay Williams, who you may know from her website Lindsay Does Languages.A lot of listeners are drawn to this podcasts because Kerstin and Lindsay are so passionate. Between the two of them, they speak 15 languages, and they want to share their love for languages with others.They provide numerous helpful how-to episodes, such as How to Learn a Language You Hated in School and How to Play with a Language You Love.The duo also covers fun facts about languages in episodes like What Are the Easiest Languages in the World? and Fluent by Feeling: How Intuition Helps You Learn Languages.Episode lengths range from under 30 minutes to over an hour. If you re searching for a podcast with a variety of topics and a ton of fun, give The Fluent Show a listen!Language StoriesLindsay Williams from Lindsay Does Languages is back with another podcast, this time with her husband, Ashley.In Language Stories, Lindsay and Ashley travel around the world together and interview people they meet along the way. They talk with people about the countrys culture, the language(s) they speak and more. Theyre currently in Asia, so if youre learning an Asian language or are interested in Asian culture, you should get a lot out of this podcast.Episodes are around 30 minutes long, making them easy to listen to when you have a little spare time.Wondering where to start? Check out Kristang: A Tale of Two Cities to learn about the culture behind a language you may have never even heard of before. Or listen to Learning Vietnamese  to learn how to start studying this popular language.Troublesome TerpsWhether youre a professional interpreter (or terp), an aspiring i nterpreter or a language lover whos fascinated by how interpretation works, Troublesome Terps will keep you entertained.The podcast is a roundtable discussion, featuring the three hosts and professionals in the interpreting world.Good episodes for a first listen include Why Bother with Interpreting Research? and  Mental Health for Interpreters.  My personal favorite is Trumpslation with Franz Kubaczyk,  in which the hosts interview the man responsible for translating President Trumps, um unique speeches for German audiences.Troublesome Terps will introduce you to big interpreters in the field, ask questions that are popping up in the industry and provide you with interpretation tips and resources. Episodes hover around an hour in length, or roughly the length of one episode of Dark on Netflix.Bilingual AvenueThis podcast is targeted toward parents trying to raise bilingual children. Youll find everything from tips to incorporate both languages into your childs life to learning activ ities to study methods.Bilingual Avenue also airs sporadic episodes that focus on teaching your child a specific language.Episodes are usually pretty short at under 20 minutes, although occasional episodes do run longer. Check out Increasing Exposure for Bilingual Children,  Is My Bilingual Child Confused? and My Best Games for Bilingual Kids!Not raising a bilingual child? You can still find ways to benefit from Bilingual Avenue.If you teach a language in a classroom setting, this podcast will be invaluable. You can learn about activities for your students and tips for immersing them in the language.If youre in the beginning stages of learning a second language yourself, give this language podcast a listen. Host Marianna Du Bosq offers parents tips for teaching their kids a new language, but you can easily apply those tips to teaching yourself a new language.I Will Teach You a LanguageI Will Teach You a Language is a fantastic supplemental resource for language students. Each episod e is only 10-15 minutes. The host, Olly Richards, does his best to publish two new episodes per week. These aspects make it easy to fit a couple of listening sessions into your weekly language study routine.Olly does publish occasional episodes about specific languages, such as Can I Learn Italian in 4 Weeks? and How Can I Learn to Read Chinese?However, for the most part, IWTYAL covers language-learning topics that can be applied to any language. And unlike some of the other language podcasts that teach us about languages, this podcast is specifically geared toward learners.The next time youre looking for a short activity to break up your language study routine, check out Is It Useful to Learn Songs?, How Can I Work on My Pronunciation? or How Do I Decide What to Study Every Day?Ollys podcast will have you thinking about why youre studying a language, how you should study and what you want to learn.If you enjoy Ollys content, youll be happy to know that you can continue your studies with him through  his Grammar Hero or Conversations courses, which are designed to help you set up workable, step-by-step systems for learning your target language.Mango LanguagesHave you ever heard of the language learning software Mango Languages? Well, the company also airs a super useful language podcast.Mango Languages actually doesnt release new episodes anymore but the episodes they published in the past are definitely worth checking out.In each episode, the host interviews a well-known polyglot or language professional for 30 minutes to an hour.For instance, you can listen to an interview with Alex Rawlings, Britains most multilingual student of 2012. He talks about the polyglot workshops he hosts and what direction he thinks language learning will take in the future.Or check out the interview with Tim Doner, a linguistics student at Harvard. He shares how he balances life, work and studying languages and how he sets goals to learn more effectively.By listening to interview s with some of the biggest names in the polyglot community, you can learn how theyve achieved their goals and gather their tips to use in your own learning.MultilinguishMaybe you arent necessarily interested in how to become fluent by this time next year, the best study methods or language conferences. In fact, maybe languages are more of a casual interest than anything else.If thats the case, the new Multilinguish podcast by Babbel may be your perfect podcast match. Listen to fun episodes like The Sexiest Accents and The Best Travel Advice Youve Never Heard,  or finally answer the divisive, age-old question, Is a Hot Dog a Sandwich?Episodes are for the language curious and typically last between 30 minutes and an hour. This length and the relaxed nature of the episodes make Multilinguish the perfect podcast to listen to on your commute to and from work, while you jog on the treadmill or while you wait for your plane to board.So, what do you want to learn?How to speak Latin American Spanish? Details about life in Vietnam? Fun facts about the worlds languages?Theres a language podcast for that.Laura Grace Tarpley is a freelance writer based in Nashville. She writes about language learning, travel and personal finance. Follow her on Twitter @lgtarpley.

Lincoln County Schools

Lincoln County Schools Lincoln County Schools LINCOLN COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS: A DISTINGUISHED SCHOOL DISTRICT Every Student, Every Classroom, Every Day; College/Career and Citizenship Ready Not just a tag line, but a philosophy that guides our every choice and decision. Located in the heart of the picturesque Bluegrass region of central Kentucky, Lincoln County Public Schools is a progressive, family-oriented community of dedicated educators and supportive stakeholders. The District is Comprised of 6 Elementary Schools, Lincoln County Middle School, Lincoln County High School, Ft. Logan High School, and the LC Area Technology Center. Conveniently located just 50 miles south of Lexington, KY, and 90 miles southeast of the metropolitan area of Louisville, KY, we are small enough to offer that home town feel but large enough to provide easy access to big city attractions and opportunities. The second oldest settlement in the Commonwealth, the county seat of Stanford is undergoing vibrant renovation. Come check us out and consider Lincoln County Schools for your educational future! The Lincoln County Public Schools mission, To empower every student with the knowledge, skills, and attributes necessary to become college/career and citizenship ready by providing high quality education and enriching opportunities in every classroom, every day, articulates our commitment to the realization of our vision of Every Student, Every Classroom, Every Day: College/Career and Citizenship Ready. As a primary goal of graduating all students equipped with the skills and competencies needed to successfully compete in higher education and the global marketplace, Lincoln County Schools strives to provide equitable student opportunities throughout our academic, athletic, and extracurricular programs. We believe teaching must provide rigorous and relevant educational opportunities for all students that facilitate development and refinement of individual talents and skills. View our Brochure

Catch Phrases For Teaching

Catch Phrases For TeachingTeachers need to know some of the catch phrases that have become commonplace in the field of education. Teachers should know these and utilize them when teaching students.Schools and colleges are now trying to make sure that curriculum development is not so rigid and must be flexible. Many courses are being built around catch phrases. These catch phrases will not only make the course more interesting, but they will also help the student to understand the material better.The phrase 'We need to' will generally be used in a few different classes at most schools. It means that you are addressing a student in a class that needs help.Sometimes 'Teacher', 'I'we' are used. In this case it usually means 'I will.' Students should know that you are making plans for a teacher. They will hear the words 'will'I will' and begin to see this as the beginning of an action plan.A student that has just entered the school will also hear this phrase, and will probably not be able to relate it to the rest of the classes. So teachers will always be mindful of the use of this phrase.Teachers will teach new students the value of asking questions when necessary. They will also ensure that all new students are comfortable with the idea of asking for clarification. A student who is not comfortable asking a question is likely to be confused and will give up before the course ends.In conclusion, there are many catch phrases that you will find in schools and colleges. As a teacher, you will need to pay close attention to the use of these words, and to determine the value of making these phrases part of your vocabulary.

How to Start a Sustainable Teaching Service

How to Start a Sustainable Teaching ServiceGreenhouse gas emissions are a huge problem for the environment and a big cause of concern for the world at large. As a result, a number of organizations have taken the initiative to reduce or control the emissions from fossil fuels and they have all joined forces to provide the world with green income, green opportunity and green products. In this regard, there is a new invention that will allow individuals the freedom to earn green income from their homes through an HGTC tutoring center.This is the invention of the GTC, which stands for greenhouse gas certification. The service is intended to provide a means of certifying a product as sustainable. This service is to be provided by a green income teaching organization that offers full training and certification for students to be able to earn green income. This service is offered in partnership with the World Resources Institute and the International Green Business Council.A number of peopl e are already taking advantage of this green income opportunity. These people are currently receiving HGTC certified degrees in sustainable learning centers from a wide variety of universities and institutes in the United States and abroad. These institutions are also providing tuition reimbursement for this service and some institutions offer free training and certification courses to their students. Thus, the entrepreneur can now offer high quality programs to students of all ages and backgrounds.One of the easiest ways to start a company like this is to contract the services of a business consultant. They will assist you with the necessary paperwork so that you are ready to begin operations. When the accountant is finished, you will have completed the major steps in launching your business.In the traditional model, the education institutes are very expensive and do not pay out much to the individual. They are very strict about their curriculum and only offer relevant courses. An HGTC certification provides the students with a quality education, which is unlike other conventional schools. There is a need for companies to partner with individuals who will offer sustainable learning, so that they are able to compete on a level playing field.Many companies recognize the importance of green income but they do not know how to go about starting a program. With this new invention, there is a way to teach courses with proven results. This is particularly useful for parents who want to enroll their children in a green earning institute. The programs available are already proven and have a good track record.There are many online resources available for you if you need guidance or help. However, it is important to consider the needs of the business before you choose any organization and make your final decision.

Musician Secrets Budgeting for Becoming Being a Guitarist

Musician Secrets Budgeting for Becoming Being a Guitarist Suzy S. How much will it really cost you to become a great guitar player? Here, North Wales, PA teacher Nathan D.  shares what you need to know So youre in the market for your first guitar? Congratulations! Learning to play an instrument is much like learning to drive. Its a road that is not typically paved with gold, or even pennies (just ask your average street busker). Time and money will become ever-growing obstacles.  I personally skipped lunch for an entire school year to save up for my first guitar and its accoutrement (I wasnt old enough to get a regular job). Im not saying you need to be as extreme, but theres quite a bit to consider when deciding to travel the path to becoming a guitarist. You would rather spend your time playing, and spend your money on cool new equipment, right?  You want to take guitar lessons eventually? Well, make sure not to make any costly mistakes that will cut your lesson budget short! Reading further will potentially eliminate a lot of mishaps that Ive seen. How Much Will The Initial Guitar Costs Be? Expect to budget about $300 to $500 for everything. I recommend going the path I did for purchasing an electric. I bought a “jump pack” (also called a “starter kit”), which has everything you need in one convenient package. They also have these available for acoustic guitars, or at least some kind of starter package deal. Mine included a starter Ibanez guitar, gig bag, small 10-watt amp with a 6” speaker, cable, strap, extra strings, tuner, picks, chord chart, and an Andy Timmons instructional video.  Sometimes these package deals can be as low as a couple hundred dollars, but just be sure to try out a display model to evaluate the construction. This is a great option for managing your guitar costs, since buying all of the little accessories separately will add up! Depending on what comes in your kit, however, you may still need to grab a few more things. For example, I recommend a string winder.  For a couple dollars, you can quickly change your strings (which as a beginner you will break frequently) instead of wearing out your wrist and spending less time practicing. Pick up a decent guitar stand and sheet music stand, too; it will save your instrument and your neck. Dont get ripped off buying guitar cables. Most are just in fancier packaging and youre paying for advertising. If you can unscrew it to resolder the tip, its usually decent. Just test it out if you can. If you dont have experience setting up intonation and making electronic repairs, prepare to shell out $30 per hour or more for the guitar techs labor at your local shop, plus the cost of parts. As great as it can be to get a $500 guitar used for $200, it would be terrible to have it sit in a guitar shop for a month and paying another $150 when its finally finished being repaired. Thats a month of potential practice out the window. How Do I Make A Smart Purchase? Much like buying your first car, its highly recommended to get something affordable, dependable, and capable of taking a few hits. The great thing is you can eventually save up to buy a mid-range priced guitar that you can treat better than your old “beater.” You can also save up to customize it down the road with new pickups, tuners, and other fancy accessories. If possible, bring a friend with years of experience along with you to make your guitar purchase. Dont make the mistake of bringing someone who has only been playing a couple of months, because their influence on your purchasing decision isnt going to be much better than you going in blind. You might both be so in awe of a managers special no-name $200 flying V that you take it home, only to realize within weeks that it sounds like total garbage and is totally uncomfortable. Do some research online, but dont be afraid to ask questions at your local store. If you can find a great buy at your local pawn shop, make sure to test it out there, and also ask about their return policy. Put in a few thousand hours of playing before plopping down four or five figures on an instrument, because youre going to want to afford insurance on it as well.  A friend of mine had his Dimebag Darrell custom stolen from his house after only a couple of months, and didnt get a penny for it from his insurance company. If at the moment you dont have a job that can easily support extravagant spending, it would be a very bad decision to make your first guitar a 10 grand or more Gibson Les Paul Special simply because you HAD to have the guitar that makes you look like Joe Perry. Most people I know that do this end up with an expensive piece of furniture that gathers dust on a stand or wall hanger, and spend years paying off the interest that eventually caught up with them on their store credit card. Dont assume you will land that dream job, let alone become an overnight rock star by the time that “15 months no interest” ends. Also, understand the concept of what interest is before enrolling in any credit program. How Can I Avoid Costly Mistakes? You might make mistakes handling and storing your first instrument. Ive seen friends leave their guitar in the car all day in the hot sun or freezing cold, then bring it in, open the case immediately, and completely destroy the paint job and warp the neck due to the extreme temperature change (always leave the instrument alone to acclimate for half an hour or more in the bag or case before opening!). Or, you might forget how to use your folding guitar stand properly, and have the guitar fall face down and gouge the fretboard and destroy a fret with one of the strings (or worse, snap the neck completely). Realize that guitars are mostly wood, which is basically a very dense sponge. Humidity and temperature can wreak havoc on such an instrument. Unless you (or your paid guitar tech) want to constantly adjust your truss rod and intonation, you should take some preliminary precautions. Do you live in a dry climate? You might need a humidifier system, at least for your guitar case. How about a humid zone or a sub-level basement? Youll need to buy a dehumidifier that can accommodate your space (and hopefully be in a separate area if you intend to record in the room, unless fan noise is your thing). Below 40 or above 50 percent can be problematic or even potentially deadly for your instrument, depending on its composition. Now that you know what to look for and how to treat your guitar, go out there and explore the possibilities at your local shop! That timid feeling and the butterflies will subside the instant you fall in love with your new instrument! Nathan D. teaches guitar, bass, drums, music recording, and more in North Wales, PA. He is  an ASCAP songwriter, and has  played guitar and bass for over 17 years and drums for about 15 years. Learn more about Nathan here! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher Photo  by  Hanumann

Different Types of Lipids Online Biology Tutors Tutorpace

Different Types of Lipids Online Biology Tutors Tutorpace Lipids are organic compounds which are insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents. They include substances like butter, ghee, vegetable oils, some plant pigments such as carotene and lycopene etc. They can dissolve in chloroform, benzene and ether. Lipids: three categories-simple, compounds and derived. Simple lipids are lipids formed of fatty acids and alcohol without any additional group. Example: fats or true fats, wax, cutin, suberin etc. Compound lipids contains group in addition to fatty acid and alcohol. Example: phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, sulpho lipids, lipoprotein etc. Derived lipids are derivatives of lipids Example: Steroids and sterol like cholesterol, lipid soluble vitamins, lipid soluble hormones, terpenes, prostaglandin etc. Different types of lipids: Triglycerides: They are esters of fatty acids and 3 carbon trihydric alcohol glycerol. Being trihydric, glycerol forms ester linkages with three fatty acid molecules. True fat is also called triglycerides. Waxes are chemically inert esters of long chain fatty acids with monohydric higher alcohol. Cutin: It is a lipid formed by polymerization and cross esterification of hydroxyl fatty acids. Suberin: It is a lipid formed by esterification of phellonic acid or its derivatives with glycerol. Phospholipid: They are compound lipids or phosphoglycerides where the third hydroxyl group of glycerol is esterified to phosphoric acid making it strong polar head. Sphinogomyelins: The lipids do not contain glycerol. Instead a complex amino alcohol sphingosine is found. Glycolipids: They are lipids having sugar residues. Terpenoids or Terpenes: They are a large group of lipids that are formed by repeating units called isoprene. Prostaglandins: It is a group of hormone like derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids. They are derived from arachidonic and related C20 fatty acids.